As Ukraine approaches the fifth year of the ongoing invasion, the humanitarian situation remains dire, with millions affected by conflict-related displacement and casualties. Currently, 3.7 million individuals are internally displaced, while 6.9 million have sought refuge in other countries, and civilian casualties have surpassed 40,000. The most severe impacts are felt in frontline regions, where poverty and unemployment are exacerbated by the conflict, and vulnerable groups, including undocumented individuals and marginalized communities, face significant barriers to receiving aid. As the humanitarian landscape shifts from emergency relief to resilience-building, concerns arise regarding the capacity of local social security systems to meet the needs of the population, particularly as international funding decreases and essential services remain disrupted.
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