India, recognized as the largest democracy globally, faces significant challenges regarding water scarcity, which threatens its continued economic growth and human well-being. With a population that has increased 3.5 times over the past sixty years, water availability has sharply declined from 5,300 m³ per capita in 1951 to approximately 1,400 m³ per capita today. Projections indicate that this figure may decrease further to 1,340 m³ by 2025 and 1,140 m³ by 2050, positioning India among the world's most water-stressed nations. The primary demand for freshwater in India stems from irrigation, which accounts for about 80% of total usage, necessitating urgent action to address water security challenges as the country continues to urbanize and develop economically.
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