2 African countries that were never colonised

Ethiopia and Liberia are widely recognized as the two African countries that avoided permanent European colonization. Ethiopia maintained its independence during the Scramble for Africa, notably defeating Italy at the Battle of Adwa in 1896 under Emperor Menelik II. Although Italy occupied Ethiopia from 1935 to 1941, the occupation was temporary and Ethiopia regained independence after World War II. Liberia became an independent republic in 1847, having been established as a settlement for formerly enslaved Black Americans.

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